The Different Characteristics Of Drinking Essay - 2701 Words

Economic argument for and against the use of taxation to reduce the use of alcohol Submitted to: Erin Hanlon Submitted by: Faith Charmaine Encarnacion Julie Ann Guancia May Ann Grace de Sagon Yulah Marie Feliprada DHSM Level 7 – Group 1C This paper intends to present the different characteristics of drinking to show the relationship of alcohol and taxation. Nowadays, drinking is a way to socialize, celebrate and relax wherein some people has a different way of handling the effect of alcohol. (NIAAA staff, 2014). Alcohol consumption has both good and bad benefits in the society. As one of the most used drugs here in New Zealand, we really can’t doubt its impact to economy and most especially to the people. While most enjoy and practice self-control, some have dependence on alcohol which affects their lives and their family. Aside from that another consequence of alcohol is the increasing report in hospital admissions, deaths, attacks and accidents. With variation pattern to age, gender, ethnicity, how much a person drink, how often a person drink, health status and family history, we cannot really deny about alcohol’s presence in our daily lives especially in homes, bars and in the workplace. According to a recent study of Health Promotion Agency, the percentage of New Zealander aging 15 years and above who consume alcohol in the previous year went down from 84% in 2006/07 to 80% in 2011/12 and has a potentially hazardous drinking pattern When can you say youShow MoreRelatedEssay about Drinking Status, Labeling, and Social Rejection1281 Words   |  6 Pages Drinking Status, Labeling, and Social Rejection nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Drinking has been, for a long time, a very debatable topic. In the 1920s, drinking was seen as something so bad that it needed to be prohibited completely. Alcohol consumption is still often seen as distasteful, especially in large quantities. In this study by Keith M. Kilty and Thomas M. Meenaghan, researchers looked at the drinking status of fictional people along with other factors such as age and sex and asked participantsRead MoreThe Events Of Temperance Movement1332 Words   |  6 PagesUnited States, which was known for a nation of separation and church and state was swept with religious revivals during 1790 to 1830s known as the Second Great Awakening. From the Second Great Awakening in 1842, the United States was filled with different reform movement which was led by dreamers and activists who saw social injustice or immorality in the American society and wanted to fight to correct the sinful events that s been happening (Tindall and Shin 528-529 ). One of the most widespreadRead MoreUnderage Drinking As A New Phenomenon1475 Words   |  6 PagesUnderage drinking in the US is one of the social issues, which has been responsible for numerous economic losses, accidents, deaths and crimes. Youth have become actively involved in drinking abuse, where they lose their sense of understanding and comprehension. To eradicate the social issue of underage drinking, numerous strategies have been implemented by the US government, where some of them were successful, while others were not able to produce significant reduction in underage drinking. TodayRead MoreCollege Alcohol Case Study901 Words   |  4 Pagespeers’ and parents’ alcohol beliefs and behaviors as well as their own personality characteristics and drinking behaviors. More information on the measures used can be found in the next section. Measures Data was collected to assess current perceptions of parental monitoring, permissiveness, peer drinking norms, and friends’ acceptance of alcohol use. Information was also collected in regard to personality characteristics and personal alcohol use as well as basic demographic information. All questionsRead MoreThe Influence of Alcohol and Drugs in Edgar Allen Poe Life Essay991 Words   |  4 Pages fearing, Doubting, dreaming dreams no mortal ever dreamed before† (Edgar Allan Poe). Darkness and sadness are strong characteristics of Edgar Allan Poe’s writing. The tragedies during his life, such as the death of his biological and adoptive moms, followed by the death of his young wife Virginia were important factors which formed his gothic style. Poe is known for his drinking problems and use of drugs. Those habits had a big influence in his life and in his works. Family members, classmatesRead MoreFetal Alcohol Syndrome Essay1699 Words   |  7 Pagesdiagnosis of FAS. The first of these is a pattern of facial anomalies, these features include: #61558; Small eye openings #61558; Flat cheekbones #61558; Flattened groove between nose and upper lip #61558; Thin upper lip These characteristics can gradually diminish as the child ages, but it is important to note that diagnosis does not change because of this. The second criteria is growth deficiencies: #61558; Low birth weight #61558; Decelerating weight over time, notRead MoreDrinking Problems With Alcohol Abuse1302 Words   |  6 PagesThere are two different kinds of drinking problems that people may struggle with at some point in their life. The first is alcoholism, which is the illness that alcoholics suffer from. An alcoholic is an individual who has a physical or mental desire to consume alcohol beyond his or her capacity to control it (O’Connor, 2011). As an alcoholic drinks more, his or her tolerance increases. This means he or she will need more alcohol in order to feel drunk. He or she may also experience a physical dependence;Read MoreSubstance Abuse As A Predictor Of Divorce1368 Words   |  6 Pagesresearchers have studied the correlation between substance abuse and divorce and that literature suggests that substance abuse lowers marital satisfaction which consequently ends in divorce (Fu Goldman, 2000). Amato and Previtt (2003) found that drinking or drug use was the third most commonly cited cause of divorce, with 14% or women and 5% of men reporting this. Is substance abuse alone a strong enough predictor of divorce, or do other things have a higher correlation? Derrick et al. (2014) foundRead MoreBinge Drinking Is An Amount Of Time1091 Words   |  5 PagesBinge drinking could be identified into various definitions or how would an individual interpret it. As for s for college students would define it as a way to drink non-stop, just for fun, or excessively drinking until drunk. Binge drinking can be interpreted in a scientific form, like NIAAA defines binge drinking as a pattern of drinking that brings blood alcohol concentration (BAC) levels to 0.08 g/dL. This typically occurs after 4 drinks for women and 5 drinks for men—in about 2 hours. (NationalRead MoreThe Mystery Of Vampires From Folklore Tales1622 Words   |  7 Pagescreation of vampires, characteristics of vamp ires, and methods of killing vampires. For this reason, Eastern folklore had established the key characteristics of vampires. According to eastern folklore, ways of becoming a vampire would be by either taking your own life or being cursed by a family member or religious figure. Folklore vampire characteristics would be sharp teeth, pale skin, supernatural powers, the need to feed off of the life force of living people, drinking blood, possessing the

Langston Hughes A Poet Supreme Essay - 1879 Words

Langston Hughes: A Poet Supreme Black poetry is poetry that (1) is grounded in the black experience; (2) utilizes black music as a structural or emulative model; and (3) consciously transforms the prevailing standards of poetry through and inconoclastic and innovative use of language. No poet better carries the mantle of model and innovator the Langston Hughes, the prolific Duke Ellington of black poetry. Hughess output alone is staggering. During his lifetime, he published over eight hundred poems. Moreover, he single-handedly defined blues poetry and is arguably the first major jazz poet. Early in his career he realized the importance of reading his poetry to receptive audiences. When Alain Locke arranged a poetry†¦show more content†¦Hughes realized that is was impossible to do what he wanted to do in one piece, so he composed a series of short poems that play effect off eachother. Western literacy thought values the long form, the novel in particular, as a statement of intellectual acheivement a nd implicity devalues short forms. For this reason a collection of short stories rarely recieves equal critical attention as does a novel by the same author. In order to make the long form stand out, the author is expected to demonstrate complexity of plot and character developement. But these and related concerns are simply a culturally biased valuation of a specific set of literacy devices, often at the expense of other devices (many of which center on the sounding of poetry on the page). In a very important sence, modern American poetry was moving toward painting, that is, a composition of words placed on a page, and away from music, that is, an articulation of words that have been both sense (meaning) and sound (emotion). Hughes clearly close to emphasize black music, which increasingly meant dealing with improvisation. The improvisation is implied in that certain themes, rhymes and rhythmic patterns, and recurring images ebb and flow throughout Montage- here spelled out i nShow MoreRelatedLangston Hughes and Countee Cullen: Perspective on Religion4176 Words   |  17 PagesAmerican Literature II Authors: Langston Hughes and Countee Cullen: Perspective on Religion Susan Glaspell and Charlotte Gilman: Roles of Women W.E.B Du Bois and Booker T Washington: Political View In the 1920s, the somewhat genteel world of American poetry was shaken to its foundations when the Harlem Renaissance started. During those times, all over the United States, thereRead MoreEssay about The Harlem Renaissance1582 Words   |  7 Pagesnorth because of the racism still lingering in the south, for example the Plessy vs. Ferguson Supreme Court case. This case was about a light-skin colored man sitting in the â€Å"white† car of a train. Although he was light-skin he was still considered black and got arrested for sitting in that section of the train. This was an opportunity to express racial equality, but the end result was devastating. The Supreme Court declared that segregation of race was to be still constitutionally acceptable. Also economicRead MoreLangston Hughes Research Paper25309 Words   |  102 PagesIn 1919, when Langston Hughes was seventeen years old, he spent the summer with his father, Jim Hughes, in Toluca, Mexico. Langston had not seen his father since he was a small child, and he was excited about making the trip. However, during this visit, no affectionate bond would develop between Langston and Jim. Jim Hughes was a cold, difficult man, who was driven by ambition to make money and achieve respect. He had moved to Mexico to avoid segregation and racial injustice in the United StatesRead MoreWhat Identity `` Meaning `` By Langston Hughes2638 Words   |  11 PagesWhat â€Å"Identity† Means In The Poems of Langston Hughes Before I explain my take on what identity means in Langston Hughes works, I would like explain a little about a man who happened to be one of the most recognizable names in African- American literature, and the struggle he faced – as a writer and mostly as an African American. A brief glimpse into our darkest days (in American history of slavery) and description of his life and about him will help elucidate the background, and his style of writingRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Langston Hughes 2630 Words   |  11 PagesDaragon Wendwesen Stanford Searl English 102, fall 2014 December 12, 2014 Paper Five What â€Å"Identity† Means In The Poems of Langston Hughes Before I explain my take on what identity means in Langston Hughes works, I would like explain a little about a man who happened to be one of the most recognizable names in African- American literature, and the struggle he faced – as a writer and mostly as an African American. A brief glimpse into our darkest days and description of his life and about him willRead MoreThe Countercultures: Once Pooh-poohed, Now Revered1275 Words   |  6 PagesAssociation and African Communities League in the same community, and by the end of the 1920s, Harlem was not only known as a Mecca for art to Negroes but for people everywhere, even those in Europe as even â€Å"White people began to come to Harlem in droves.† (Hughes) All these happenings, collectively, are known as being a part of the Harlem Renaissance. The Harlem Renaissance is known for being the peak of Black thought. The changes for the United States that not only the Harlem Renaissance’s political activistsRead Mor eHow The Great Migration Impacted The Harlem Renaissance2641 Words   |  11 Pagesafter World War I, they were able to migrate to the north to more urban settings to find work.# This movement was called the Great Migration and it led to and affected the Harlem Renaissance by inspiring great works of art from artists such as Langston Hughes and many others which in turn led to the civil rights movement as African Americans began to gain recognition for their societal value and ultimately for them to gain respect as   individuals. Prior to World War I, there was the ReconstructionRead MoreThe First African American Justice Of The Supreme Court, And Served For 24 Years1113 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction I was the first African-American justice of the Supreme Court, and served for 24 years. I once said, â€Å"None of us got here by solely pulling ourselves up by our bootstraps. We got here because somebody bent down and help us pick up our bootstraps.† I was a civil rights activist, attorney, and judge. I argued and won a variety of cases to end many forms of legalized racism that helped to inspire the American Civil Rights Movement. Some people say that I was instrumental in ending legalRead MoreRichard Wright s Black Boy1310 Words   |  6 Pagesto succeed he needed to move. He went from Arkansas to Chicago during The Great Migration of Blacks from the South to the North. At his school he met Harry H. Pace, president of Supreme Liberty Life Insurance and ever since that day he knew he wanted to graduate and go into business. â€Å"Johnson becomes editor of Supreme s monthly newspaper,† (Kinnon 3). At one point he was interested in buying a lot or an area of land in downtown Chicago but because of his race he was refused the option. The determinationRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement : Thurgood Marshall Law1501 Words   |  7 Pagestrail for the Civil Rights Movement from two sides of the American Legal System, both as a lawyer, and as a Justice of the Supreme Court. Marshall’s initial rise to fame came as a result of his success as the head lawyer for the Brown family in Brown vs. The Board of Education. Later, Marshall was appointed to the Supreme Court, making him the first ever African American Supreme Court Justice in American history. Overall, Marshall’s impact as a lawyer, a judge, and an activist, was essential to the

The Sniper free essay sample

The story ends ironically when the IRA sniper realizes that the enemy he killed was his own brother. But there are larger ironies here: first, that all of the sniper’s Free State enemies are, in a sense, his brothers, for they had been comrades in arms fighting for the same cause; second, that all men are brothers as descendants of Adam and Eve. When they fight, they become Cain and Abel. No doubt, the IRA sniper now wonders about the identities of the turret gunner, the old woman, and the person manning the machine gun. War. Death. Pain. Anger and remorse. None are pleasantries, but all are faced and handled every day. In Liam OFlahertys The Sniper, all of these things are brought to an acute reality. To aid in his creation of such emotional conflict, OFlaherty portrayed the sniper as a very controversial character. We can see this contrast in personality by looking at appearance, actions, and thoughts. We will write a custom essay sample on The Sniper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page the face of a student, thin and ascetic, eyes had the cold gleam of the fanatic. And so the sniper is described in a physical sense. Upon looking at the meaning of the words, we find an unexpected conflict of definition. OFlaherty writes that the snipers face is that of a student. We think young, and vibrant. However, to describe his meaning, he goes on to say that his face is both thin and ascetic. Also, gaunt, and displaying self-discipline; both qualities carried more so in adults than students. Also, it is stated that the sniper had the eyes of a man who is used to looking at death. One might imagine an older man, who has lived through many-a-war and seen lives lost. These three descriptions show that the sniper was older than his years in appearance, as well as emotionally. The snipers actions also are cause to believe that he is more than meets the eye. In the story, the sniper considers lighting a cigarette. It was dangerous he decided to take the risk. Ones knowledge that something is dangerous and then their persistence to carry out the action shows a true daredevil. A characteristic of the student in him mentioned earlier. Another, much different, action of the snipers is the need to discover who he killed. After the remorse of the crime committed, the sniper proceeds to investigate his enemys identity. felt a sudden curiosity as to the identity of the enemy sniper This shows that the sniper did, in fact, have a streak of humaneness and care in him. A very different mood from the daredevil. Lastly, the way the sniper thinks reveals much about his character. When he is considering means of escape, he comes up with a plan to trick the enemy sniper into believing he himself was dead. His ruse had succeeded. Ruse is a word that means an action in order to mislead. This portrays the mischievous side of the sniper. One more facet to his complex personality. So, as one can see, Liam OFlahertys sniper was a very deep and complicated character. Through his actions, appearance, and thoughts, we see the signs of age and wisdom versus the daredevil, both apart form the mischievous student brought out in his success plan. All in all, the snipers personality was written to be very conflicting and controversial The Sniper places a strong emphasis on the evils of war, and yet paints a vivid image of mankinds qualities and their society. Employing the technique of describing one particular sniper to symbolise a general subject, readers are able to gain a deep insight into the evils of war. In this story, the assembly of setting, contrasting characters and themes of fanaticism and division of loyalties are vital to conveying the horror of war. On the other hand, The Sniper also discusses the power of war, depicting it as the decider of life and death for men. Its force is further emphasised when neighbours are turned into enemies under wars influence

Do environmentalists overstate their case Essay Example

Do environmentalists overstate their case? Paper The very interesting article â€Å"Do Environmentalists Overstate Their Case? ‘ is included in an academic book â€Å"Taking sides†. In the article writer provides articles for and against the motion. Both the sides are well addressed and are very convincing. However, personally think that, environmentalists do overstate their case. According to environmentalists the world is going to hell in a handbrakes but I disagree with the statement because Various individuals organizations and nations are taking initiatives to improve the indention Of the environment. Like for instance, according to the article published in Japan Times in Feb. 23, 2013, Tokyo and Beijing are cooperating to decrease the air pollution and it’s menace. Similarly, according to article published in Delhi(Linda) government site various steps have been taken to reduce pollution like: ban of vehicles older than 15 years, ban in vehicles driven in conventional fuels etc. These rules are being effectively implemented though transportation enforcement team. These are few among many examples of initiatives taken to improve the environment thus roll is definitely getting better and not worse in days to come. Furthermore, environmentalists are focusing too much on environmental degradation and totally ignoring about the improvement in environmental condition. They fail to address the cases of environmental improvement. For example: according to â€Å"The economist† in the article â€Å"The east is gray† America and Europe combined are cutting down their emissions by mm tones a year in spite of increase in industrial activities. The above shown chart as published by world bank clearly shows that lupus-dioxide concentration in all the major places are in decreasing trend. These are some of the facts that environmentalists forget to mention. We will write a custom essay sample on Do environmentalists overstate their case? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Do environmentalists overstate their case? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Do environmentalists overstate their case? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Most importantly environmentalists have to understand that environment is a dynamic and not static. If it’s degraded today, it can always get better tomorrow. We don’t really have to make a fuss out of it and exaggerate to the extent that it makes people panic. We can also notice it in our real lives that the environment is actually dynamic. For example: My father told me that â€Å"The Bagman river† which is one of the most important river of my country Nepal was very clean when he was a child. However, as a child I saw only the polluted version the river. But, as the time passed by various measures were taken to clean up the river. At local level people started cleaning it up and at national level various policies were set up. Now, I can see it for myself that the river is cleaner than it used to be. Similarly, the western countries have followed the pattern of â€Å"grow first, clean up later†. During the process of development and progress the environment is affected adversely. However, eater they take the initiatives and clean up the environment. In this way, the environment is changing, sometimes for bad and sometimes for good. Thus, environmental degradation is not a big issue. To sum up, we don’t really need to worry much about the environment. It is certain that the environment is improving every passing day. The government policies and rules indicate that, the statistics proves that and our own experiences assures the point.

Random Science Facts and Trivia

Random Science Facts and Trivia Everyone knows a few fun random facts they can pull out as a party trick or a conversation icebreaker. Here are a few more to add to your collection. Although some of these facts are strange and obscure, they are 100% verified, so rest assured that youll be sharing solid information at that party. Rotation of Earth Did you know that the Earth rotates a full 360 degrees in 23 hours, 56 minutes, and 4 seconds, not 24 hours? Cataracts Sometimes the crystalline lenses of elderly people become milky and cloudy. This is called a cataract, and it causes partial or complete loss of vision. Berry Interesting Did you know that pineapples, oranges, and tomatoes are actually berries? Pure Gold Pure gold is so soft that it can be molded with your bare hands. Real Life Dragons The Komodo dragon is a renowned giant, with the average male measuring around 8 feet long; some exceptional individuals reach 10 feet long. It is the heaviest lizard of all, with an average weight of 130 pounds and some reaching nearly 180 pounds. Thats So Nuclear The word nuclear is related to the nucleus of an atom. It is often used to describe the energy produced when a nucleus is split (fission) or joined with another (fusion). Hes Lost It Did you know that a cockroach can live for nine days without its head  before it starves to death? He Said No Did you know that the physicist Albert Einstein refused the job of president of Israel? Einstein was asked to be the president when the Israeli president died in 1952. Old Guys The earliest cockroach fossil  is about 280 million years old, 80 million years older than the first dinosaurs. Newts Are Neat Newts are members of the salamander family. They are found in North America, Europe, and Asia. A Little Lithium in Your 7UP? The original formula for 7UP contained lithium citrate, a chemical used today as a treatment for bipolar disorders. The ingredient was removed by 1950. How Many Lightbulbs... The tungsten filament inside an incandescent light bulb reaches a temperature of 4,664 degrees when turned on. Blue as Turquoise Traces of copper  are what give turquoise its distinctive blue color. Brainless Starfish, like many radially symmetric animals, do not have brains.

The Difference Between Copyediting and Proofreading

The Difference Between Copyediting and Proofreading The Difference Between Copyediting and Proofreading The Difference Between Copyediting and Proofreading By Mark Nichol Many people confuse these two distinct editorial skills, but it’s important to recognize how they differ, and why. The most obvious distinction is the form the medium takes. Copyediting, once performed by making marks and writing revisions on a typewritten manuscript, is now generally carried out by entering changes in a word-processing program like Microsoft Word. Proofreading, by contrast, is done on a facsimile of the finished product a proof, hence the name. Proofreading is usually still completed on hard copy with a pen or pencil, but it’s sometimes accomplished by electronically marking up a PDF (a file created with Adobe’s Portable Document Format; that’s where the initials come from). But that’s just the beginning. The copy editor’s task is to finesse a writer’s prose so that it observes all the conventions of good writing. A writer may be skilled at explaining a procedure or verbally depicting a scene, but the copy editor is the one who makes sure the manuscript’s syntax is smooth, that the writing adheres to the conventions of grammar, and that wording is proper and precise and punctuation is appropriate and correctly placed. The copy editor may also do or suggest some reorganizing, recommend changes to chapter titles and subheadings, and call out lapses in logic or sequential slip-ups. This attention is especially important when the content editor the person who helps the writer shape their prose has minimal time (or skill) or is absent altogether. All the while, if the project is a book manuscript, an extensive report, or something else of significant length, the copy editor compiles a style sheet, a statement of overall editorial policy (serial comma, or no? numbers spelled out, or in numeral form?) and a record of idiosyncratic word usage. (Just how do you spell fuggedaboudit? According to the style sheet, just like that every time.) Many style sheets also list all proper nouns to make sure names are always spelled and capitalized consistently, though search functions and spell-checking programs have rendered that usage somewhat superfluous. The proofreader, by contrast, is assigned to check a reproduction of what the finished product will look like. And the task is not revision, but correction making sure that no typographical errors remain from the manuscript or were introduced in the production stage. New text, such as captions, for example, is often entered separately and may not have been edited. Alternatively, an element anything from a letter to a paragraph or more may have been inadvertently omitted or repeated, or misplaced. Because most text is copied and pasted directly from an electronic document, this mishap is unlikely but not unknown. Then there are esthetic issues: too many end-of-line hyphens in a row, or a word broken in half at the end of a column or page, or a widow (a very short final line of a paragraph at the top of a column). The proofreader is also the main beneficiary of the style sheet’s compilation. Hey, it’s fuggedaboutit on page 37, and fuggedaboudit on page 59. Which one’s correct? The second spelling, according to the style sheet. Proofreaders are also expected to check page numbers or recurring copy at the top or bottom of a page that identifies a section in a periodical or a chapter or book title. They make sure the font and type size and weight for one text element matches another element of that class. They double-check that photo captions match the content of the photographs or that when text refers to a table, a chart, or a figure, the graphic element consists of what the text says it does and they proof that element, too. Proofreaders may also catch grammatical errors or inconsistency of style, and they are often given some leeway to change or at least call out egregious errors, but they’re generally constrained by not being permitted to revise the text in any way that adds or subtracts the number of lines on a page, because doing so may adversely affect the graphic design. In summary, copyediting is a more qualitative skill and proofreading is more quantitative, though there’s quite a bit of overlap, and someone who does well at one often succeeds at the other as well. Proofreading usually pays less and is a pathway to copyediting, but many editors (myself included) do both. To save time or money or both, many print and online publishers alike have curtailed or abandoned either stage (or, worse, both stages) of the editing process and it’s almost invariably obvious. But there are still enough people out there who value rigorous attention to detail in written expression that the copyediting and proofreading professions aren’t going anywhere, and adept practitioners will remain in demand. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Freelance Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:70 Idioms with Heart5 Brainstorming Strategies for Writers20 Clipped Forms and Their Place (If Any) in Formal Writing

Outcome and Assessment Information Set Data that Predict Pressure Research Paper

Outcome and Assessment Information Set Data that Predict Pressure Ulcer Development in Older Adult Home Health - Research Paper Example According to the American Geriatics Association (2005), â€Å"Pressure ulcers are areas of tissue damage that develop when the skin and soft tissues (eg, muscle) are squeezed between the bones and the surface that is in contact with the body, such as a mattress.† These ulcers occur around areas such as hip, heel and buttocks. Methods The results of the research by Bergquist-Beringer and Gajewski, which was conducted among 5395 non-hospice patients of 60 years or older showed that bowel incontinence, needing assistance with grooming, dependence in ability to dress the upper body, dependence in ability to dress the lower body, dependence in toileting, inability to transfer, being chairfast or bedfast, and the presence of a PrU on admission were positively associated with new PrU development (Bergquist-Beringer and Gajewski, 2011). The factors raised in the researcher were therefore concluded as the risk factors for pressure ulcers for patients in home healthcare. In a similar re search conducted among 1711 nonhospice patients 60 years or older, Bergquist (2003) however came out with results that were not directly in line with the risk factors pointed out by the former researchers. Unlike the first researchers but not in sharp contrast to their results, Bergquist pointed to the risk factors for pressure ulcers for patients in home healthcare as Limitation in activity to bed, dependence in dressing, urinary incontinence, and needing assistance with transferring predicted Stage I pressure ulcer development (P

Thomas friedman is the chief forign correspondent Term Paper

Thomas friedman is the chief forign correspondent - Term Paper Example However, two protocols of Geneva conventions have not been ratified by the law of United States of America. Nevertheless, the U.S Uniform Code of Military Justice declares that torture should not be practiced by ensuring that prisoners must be treated humanly. The Military Code states that violation of Geneva contention is a crime. This is a clear indication that torture is not supported by Uniform Code of Military Justice since Geneva convention declares that prisoners are protected against torture; public curiosity, intimidation and insults . Moreover, whoever commits torture is to be punished by life imprisonment or term imprisonment as stipulated by Uniform Code of Military Justice. The actions of U.S agents in 2002 at Abu Ghraib prison can be regarded as violation of Geneva accords as torturing actions were viewed during the U.S invasion. The torturing actions included: stripping people naked, poking people, pushing people, use of threatening dogs and depriving people of sleep. However, one can argue that such tactics were not torturing but inhuman punishments and acts of cruel which do not torture although the actions were not justified. Also Geneva accords do not apply to Taliban detainees since the conflicts were international in scope and article three considers only an armed conflict but not a global character. Furthermore Taliban detainees are unlawful group hence could not be viewed as war prisoners. In addition, reliability of confession might have been obtained under torture hence questionable making the United States of America’s agents not responsible for acts of torture. One can make a conclusion that the problem occurred due to Geneva accords which were not specific and that the actions of United States’ agents were legal since they were handling unlawful group. Moreover, ambiguous instructions were given to the agents since administration officials gave out

The Value of Equity Theory Essay Example for Free

The Value of Equity Theory Essay Introduction Cadbury Nigeria PLC is an associate company of the Cadbury Schweppes Group. Established in Nigeria in 1965, its core business is the manufacture and sales of fast moving consumer goods in the foods, food drinks confectionery groupings. There are 2000 employees in Cadbury Nigeria at various management and non-management staff cadres. Its major competitor is the Nestle Group PLC. Other manufacturing firms in the brewery, foods telecommunication industries also compete with Cnplc in the area of manpower poaching; staff turnover amongst these companies is common. This write up seeks to analyse how Cadbury Nigeria PLC (Cnplc, the organisation or the company) motivates its workforce as well as how the equity theory can assist in ensuring an equitable and fair organizational structure. I am of the opinion that a motivated workforce will contribute to better performance and higher profit margins. Motivational Methods Techniques in use in Cadbury Nigeria PLC Cadbury Nigeria Plc is one of the foremost multinational firms in Nigeria, whose aim is to become the employer of choice. This it hopes to achieve through a people-focused Human Resources Strategy. A central theme of this strategy is to attract, develop, retain and optimise talent to meet both current and future business needs. (Source: Cnplc employee handbook). This it hopes to achieve by becoming the employer of choice. The understanding of the implications of the equity theory in my view should be one of the primary responsibilities of the HR function of any company. This is why I have begun this analysis with a brief examination of what the HR strategy of Cnplc consists of. To a large extent, it is possible to deduce how seriously a company takes the subject of inequity, by examining its HR policies and strategies. The study was undertaken mainly by questioning a few employees. Information was also obtained from the HR strategy manager and other company sources, all sources are duly acknowledged. I happen to be an employee of Cnplc for the past 7 years; hence, this provides with me sufficient grounds to assess the trends over the years. Source: Cadbury Nigeria plc, HR strategy dialogue 2004. How Cadbury Nigeria PLC motivates its Workforce This will be discussed under four areas: 1. Annual Salary Reviews 2. Upfront Allowances 3. Staff Capabilities Investment 4. Welfare Packages. Annual Salary Reviews This is tied to the performance appraisal review, which occurs once a year. Each employee is graded by his/her line manager, based on the years performance. These scores are tied to salary increments, according to the employees cadre. The primary aim of this is to ensure that no person earns the same salary for more than 1 year. The major advantage is that it motivates employees to remain with the company, as the staff turnover over the years has been at an all time low. However, the challenge of this technique has an implication for developing countries, such as Nigeria, in that the personal style of organization (Hickson Pugh, chapter 9,page 249) bears its ugly head. This translates to performance reviews that are biased (Nigerians value personal relationships with their bosses, and there is a conscious effort by most employees to want to remain in the good books of their bosses, so as to win favours.) The tribal diversity of the country (over 200 ethnic groups) also means that bosses may over rate the performance of subordinates from the same tribe with them. Indeed, this remains a challenge in developing countries like mine. One thing I know for sure is that my colleagues look forward to this salary review and I would say that it is an effective motivational technique. Upfront Allowances This involves taking a certain amount of employees basic salaries and paying them at the beginning of the year in a lump sum. In Cadbury Nigeria, this allowance is 40% of the basic salary and is referred to as the annual housing allowance. Since in Nigeria, rent is paid annually, it is common practice for big firms to advance salary payments to enable their employees pay rent. However a major drawback of this is the fact that an employee could resign at any time during the year, leading to losses incurred by the company. Some companies have stopped the payment of upfront allowances. However, Cadbury Nigeria hasnt. In addition, the leave allowance of 10% of the annual basic salary is paid upfront as well. The application of equity theory here is glaring, as the Nestle group in Nigeria pays its workers 50% of annual basic salary as upfront housing allowance. Staff Capabilities Investment Investing in staff development takes different forms in the organization. The three techniques in use are: * Training Programs: usually held in-house, within the country and sometimes outside the country, if specific training courses are not available in Nigeria. The HR policy of the company states that employees are entitled to 2 courses annually, but this is not adhered to in most cases. In part II of this write-up, I will look out how this has caused dissatisfaction amongst employees. * Young Talents: involving the posting of high potential employees to any Cadbury Schweppes company in the world (for a minimum of 2 years), this program is an instant motivator for staff who have been privileged to experience it. The major objective of this is to increase exposure as well as equip staff with new ways of working. Usually, individuals are promoted on return to their home countries. However, there are issues of inequity here as well, which we will explore in the 2nd part of this analysis. Welfare Packages: Subsidies of various forms. These are; Medical Scheme: This covers a comprehensive medical coverage (treatment, surgery etc) for each employee and his/her spouse and 4 children. The scheme excludes dental care and eyeglass prescriptions. Meal Subsidy: There is a 75% subsidy on lunch for management staff, while meals are provided free to non-management staff. Car loans: Provision of car loans commensurate with basic salary earnings (each employee is entitled to 100% of his/her annual basic salary as car loan.) In addition, 50 % of interest repayments of the loan are borne by the company. Insurance cover: Apart from a comprehensive life assurance scheme undertaken for all employees, the company also provides a 50% subsidy on vehicle insurances for all employees private cars that have been registered with the companys Insurance pool. It is not mandatory for all employees though. Section II Analyzing the application of the Equity Theory to Cadbury Nigeria The average Nigerian worker is motivated, (albeit in low levels) mostly by money. This is similar to Hickson Pughs (management worldwide) analysis on the peculiar characteristics of organizations in developing countries. How the understanding of the Equity Theory can lead to a better-motivated workforce in Cadbury Nigeria. Reading through this course, it occurred to me that if most managements were aware of the Equity Theory, it would enable them to better understand what motivates their workforces. This will assist not only in curtailing employee turnover, but will result in a happier workforce and better performance. The question the management of Cadbury must ask itself is how to reduce inequity in all staff cadres. This has to be a 2-way approach; 1. Interviewing employees; Employees at all levels should be interviewed on what motivates and demotivates them. Organizations with a high power distance have a long way to go in this regard. Management Worldwide (page 22) lists West Africa (Nigeria is one of the West African countries) as having a power distance of 77. Definitely, reducing the power distance will not be an easy task, since it involves cultural change. An example of this is in Cadbury Nigeria, where most subordinates (about 95%, including myself) do not call their bosses by their first names, and the managers decision is final in most cases even though this may not be in the best interest of the organization. If this is the case such subordinates will rather keep mum about what bothers them rather than risk losing a job. 2. Having clear-cut guidelines and policies: A transparent management will definitely run a more equitable organization. The reasons why rewards are given should be clearly stated. In addition, procedures such as training courses and promotion requirements should be clearly documented. An example of this in my organization is the issue of training courses. Employees feel that the process of selection of staff for training courses abroad (and sometimes in the country) is a highly inequitable process. In many instances, the same sets of people go for the same courses from year to year. This has led to dissatisfied employees who have concluded that they have to belong to the right click in order to be trained. While this is not entirely true, I personally experienced a situation in which a course came up that was relevant to my job description, and my boss insisted on going for the course. The HR manager in charge of training told me there was nothing she could do about it, because my boss had the final say about who should go for a particular course. Had my organization been more sensitive to inequity, they would have seen from my job description, that the course was more suited to my role. Limitations of the Equity Theory to the Nigerian Context The organizational culture in Nigeria tends to be very similar to that of the Indians. As outlined in Chapter 9, page 264 of management worldwide, India is not Africa, but India is very similar to Africa. Indeed reading through the chapter on developing countries was like the typical Nigerian organizational style. In developing countries like Nigeria, belonging to the same tribe as your boss or a senior influential employee could earn you a promotion. So also can boot-licking (in this context being extremely non-resisting with your boss and even subtly praising him) which is common with the Yoruba tribe of Nigeria. Hence I would infer that the Anglo context of the equity theory may not be fully applicable to the certain developing countries such as Nigeria. The tendency is high, for individuals in developing countries to rationalize inequity. This, I believe is due to the unfavourable economic climate, poverty levels and high unemployment levels, which makes people cherish their jobs. Also, tribal diversity (in the case of Nigerias 250 ethnic groups) has led to the display of power, infringement on fundamental human rights and injustices of different sorts being perpetuated in the workplace. It is common practice to get short listed for a job interview in Nigeria solely because you know a person connected with the organization. The above considerations have contributed to the toleration of inequity by a good number of Nigerians. In any case, it is difficult for any developing country employee to adopt any of the strategies outlined in the text book for this course(organizational behaviour by Buchanan and Huczynski). This is as a result of the generally lackadaisical attitude of Nigerians as well as the element of fear; which results in increased inequity in some cases. Insights gained by this analysis Despite the limitations of the application of the equity theory to the company as outlined above, there is much to be gained from it. In particular, this can be applied to the HR strategy of the organization. A thorough appreciation of inequity will translate to higher motivational levels and by inference to higher performance, and profit margins. A demotivated workforce is a dangerous workforce. My suggestions as to the practical application of this to the organizational structure of Cadbury Nigeria is as follows: 1. The current situation of the workforce is one of a fair proportion of inequity. There is a need for the organizations management to draw up a clear-cut plan as to how rewards are earned. Incorporating clear guidelines of the companys policies in the employee handbook is one method by which this can be achieved. This should also be backed up by seminars aimed at given detailed explanations of these policies. In developing countries, communication is key. 2. The need for to understand how inequity translates to high staff turnover lower performance and consequently, reduced profits from disgruntled employees. In some cases, management plays the part of the cruel employer. As a result of the relatively cheaper labour available in developing countries, it is easy to recruit new staff should disgruntled employees resign. 3. An attempt to reduce inequity amongst employees by discouraging rumuors and hearsay talk. This can be done by operating a corporate communications system whereby staffs are encouraged to contribute ideas on how to achieve harmony within the work force. On its part, management should be seen to operate in a transparent fashion. In Cadbury Nigeria, e directors organize monthly town hall meetings, where staff are encouraged to voice their complaints. However, there is a noticeable reluctance on the part of the employees to talk about their grudges. In a few cases, certain bold employees who have been very vocal at these meetings, ended up being t by their bosses to desist from such openness. Clearly, negative cultural traits could be a hindrance to the value added from the application of equity theory in some modern organizations. 4. Conducting periodic surveys to monitor the impact of company decisions that affect employee welfare and human resource issues. In the Nigerian context, these surveys should be done anonymously and past attempts in Cadbury Nigeria, reveal that people are usually too scared to open up in a corporate environment. Again, this is clearly an organizational culture issue peculiar to developing countries. Conclusion This assignment has afforded me the opportunity to gain knowledge about what motivates individuals and how employers can encourage put in their best in for the benefit of the organizations in which they work. Perhaps, someday I will have the opportunity to apply the knowledge gained from this module to the organization where I am employed. It has also exposed me to the fact that, management is often ignorant about vital issues that motivate or demotivate work forces. However, until corporate organizations understand the implications of what leads to personal job satisfaction, they may be saddled with the high cost of replacing dissatisfied staff. In addition, I think that it is a bit of out of sync applying the theories and social techniques of the developed world to the developing world. Developing countries on their part, should invest in studies and researches with at view to arriving at their own conclusive analysis and observations.. Until this can be done, I think that managers will continue to experience inequity in their work environments.

Mitigating Computer Misuse at Work Essay -- Business Management

Computer misuse is a ubiquitous behaviour in many organizations. It has a serious influence on system security which should be considered by every organization. Inappropriate use of computer in workplace is increasing every year and this deviant behaviour has a negative influence on both organizations and employees (Bock, Park & Zhang, 2010). D’Arcy, Hovav and Galletta (2009) mention that 50%-75% security issues have been found from the inside of an enterprise, and a majority of internal threats are relating to individual’s unsafe operation on computer. Therefore, it is necessary for organizations to optimize system security by implementing a rational measure to moderate individual’s unsafe behaviour on computer in workplace. Employees, who play a key role in security protection, need to be helped increase compliance on information security policy. This essay will discuss which is a more effective approach, reward (encouraging employees comply with security polic y and normatively use computer in workplace) or punishment (preventing misuse and insecure operation), though analysing the impact of each mechanism and employees’ reaction to draw a conclusion that punishment is a more effective way than reward to moderate employees’ misuse and unsafe behaviour regarding computer use at work. Admittedly, reward should be a more acceptable policy than punishment for employees. Employees would keep performing well in their work after being rewarded (Patel & Conklin, 2012). According to Gardner and Quigleym (2010), employees, who have been rewarded in their job, will be aroused to have a higher compliance on the purpose of their work. Appropriate reward is directly relating to employees’ working satisfaction. They will be more satisfied an... ...rganisations. European Journal of Information Systems, 18,106–125 Liao, Q., Luo, X., Gurung, A., & Li, L. (2009). Workplace management and employee misuse: Does punishment matter? The Journal of Computer Information Systems, 50(20), 49-59 Myyry, L., Siponen, M., Pahnila, S., Vartiainen, T., & Vance, A. (2009). What levels of moral reasoning and values explain adherence to information security rules? An empirical study. European Journal of Information Systems, 18, 126-139 Patel, P., & Conklin, B. (2012). Perceived labor productivity in small firms—the effects of high-performance work systems and group culture through employee retention. Theory and Practice, 36(2), 205-235 Spitzmuller, C., & Stanton, J.M. (2006). Examining employee compliance with organizational surveillance and monitoring. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 79, 245–272

Barcelona Olympics

When Barcelona was selected to host the 1 992 Summer Olympics, the city (as well as Catalonia and Especial as a whole) welcomed the incredible opportunity. In addition to the obvious nationalist pride and international recognition hosting the games entails, their excitement was also fueled by the potential that the opportunity represented. As the International Olympic Committee explains in their â€Å"Factories – Legacies of the Games,† recent Olympic games have resulted in â€Å"long lasting legacies for their citizens,† with many cities utilizing the games as a â€Å"catalyst for urban renewal† (International 013).This was indeed the case for Barcelona, which became almost a new city entirely between 1 986 (upon first being selected) and the Opening Ceremonies. Overall, the effects of the 1 992 Barcelona Summer Olympics can be seen in three main areas: the city's economy, the culture and international perception Of Barcelona abroad, and the city's urban development. Overall, ?6. 7 billion were spent on the games, most of which was spent on improving infrastructure. Overall, the city reaped a profit of ?7. 2 million from the games themselves (Flyleaves 2012).The long-lasting economic effects and cagey, however, have been much more significant. For example, the Barcelona Organizing Committee invested ?2 billion in constructing and improving four main sporting venues. Today, these venues welcome nearly 1 people each year for various conferences, concerts, and sporting events and they support nearly 450 permanent jobs (International 2013). In terms of specific areas of economic development, immediately upon their nomination, unemployment underwent a dramatic fall, the housing market boomed, and the construction industry expanded at an exponential rate.The Barcelona Olympics were also unique economically, in that Barcelona was able to sustain this economic growth for decades to come. In fact, until the recent recession that affected mos t of Western Europe, the city recorded growth in every economic indicator: employment, investment, and new construction. Thus, not only did Barcelona benefit at the time from the games, â€Å"it succeeded in maintaining the growth generated, on a scale never seen before† (Acid 2002).In terms of employment, Barcelona unemployment rate was cut in half from 18. 4% to 9. 6%. Not only was employment provided during the preparation and the games themselves, but nearly 20,000 permanent jobs ere created due to Olympic-related investment in infrastructure and facilities (Acid 2002). In terms of investment, one-third of the event was funded by the private sector and a third of this was with foreign capital. Private investment focused predominately on the construction of housing hotels, and business centers.The rationale for this private investment was the expectation of improvement in the city's level of attractiveness for conducting foreign business and attracting future foreign inves tment. Finally, in terms Of new construction, the sector multiplied by nearly 3. 5 times, despite the fact hat Barcelona building potential was already quite exploited (Acid 2002). One final area of economic development was in tourism. Between 1986 and 2014, Barcelona hotel capacity increased threefold and the number of visitors from abroad increased by sevenfold, reaching 7. Million visitors a year. In this regard, Barcelona legacy has been more â€Å"intense and sustained than that of any other modern host city' (Acid 2002). Therefore, the Barcelona Olympics have become an economic model for present-day Olympics – an exceptional performance by a city with an extraordinary and sustained opacity to ride the â€Å"Olympic wave† (Taylor 2012). The reasons for this dramatic increase in tourism are a direct result of the second broad area of change experienced by Barcelona as a result of the games.Throughout the games and opening and closing ceremonies, Barcelona put on a large promotional show, highlighting the culture of Barcelona almost more so than the rest of Spain as a whole. As a result, the games â€Å"changed the way people thought of Barcelona† (Taylor 2012). Between 1 990 and 2001, the city went from being the 1 lath â€Å"Best City in Europe† to the 6th and is now rated the 12th most popular destination for rigorists in the world, twenty years after the games. More than simply presenting the culture that already existed (Steelers, flamenco, etc. , Barcelona did a bit of lying and presented a somewhat contrived culture. For example, the games were heavily sponsored by Estella Adam and Don Simon, producers of beer and sangria respectively. So, despite the fact that Barcelona is not known for its beer and that sangria is not actually popular for the locals here, the international community was presented a clear relationship between these two brands and the city. Nowadays, bars in the United States boast selections of â€Å"Sp anish beer and Anglia,† leading international tourists to equate these with the culture of Spain and Barcelona.Because so many tourists began to request these when they traveled to Barcelona, things have come full circle and many local bars now advertise their sangria and â€Å"typical Barcelona beers. † As Adam Taylor of Business Insider explains, â€Å"Nowadays we think of the Spanish city as a land of palm trees, sand, and sangria but its easy to forget that before the games in 1 992, it was a much different place† (Taylor 2012). In fact, none of the palm trees in Barcelona are native to the city – most of them were planted in the six ears between the announcement of Barcelona as the host city and the actual games.One final cultural development of note, the Olympics helped transform Spain into a â€Å"sporting juggernaut,† with world-class athletes in soccer, basketball, cycling, and tennis. Many assert this is a direct result of investment in sp orting facilities and training before and after the Olympics (Barr 2012). As Spanish sportswriter Juan Jose Paradise explains, â€Å"the Barcelona Olympics put the Spanish flair for sport and drama on international display† (Barr 2012).Nowadays, the names Real Madrid and FCC Barcelona re synonymous with prestige and glory in a way that could not have been imagined before the games. This interest in sport has translated at an interpersonal level as well. According to the International Olympic Committee, the increase in the proportion of the population doing some kind of physical activity at least once a week increased from 36% in 1 983 to 51% in 1 995 and women's participation in organized sports increased 10% nationwide during the same period (International 2013).One final area of development for Barcelona before, during, and after the Olympics is in the urban renewal that took place. Most significantly, Barcelona today is characterized strongly by its beachfront. However, th e city did not really have a beach before. Rather, the Barcelona Olympic Committee created two miles of beachfront and a modern marina by demolishing industrial buildings on the waterfront before the games (Taylor 2012). For the city, the Olympics represented a significant effort to restructure.

Ethnic Autobiography About Self

A Rasin in the Sun Act II, Scene I Later on the same Saturday, Beneatha emerges from her room cloaked in the Nigerian clothes that Asagai has brought her. She dances around the apartment, claiming to be performing a tribal dance while shouting â€Å"OCOMOGOSIAY† and singing. Ruth finds Beneatha’s pageantry silly and questions her about it. Meanwhile, Walter returns home drunk. He sees Beneatha all dressed up and acts out some made-up tribal rituals with her, at one point standing on a table and pronouncing himself â€Å"Flaming Spear. † Ruth looks on wearily. George Murchison arrives to pick up Beneatha.Beneatha removes her headdress to reveal that she has cut off most of her hair, leaving only an unstraightened afro. Everyone is shocked, amazed, and slightly disappointed with Beneatha, prompting a fierce discussion between Beneatha and George about the importance of their African heritage. Beneatha goes to change for the theater, and Walter talks to George about business plans. George does not seem interested. Walter then becomes belligerent as he makes fun of George’s white shoes. Embarrassed, Ruth explains that the white shoes are part of the â€Å"college style. George obviously looks down on Walter—calling him â€Å"Prometheus†Ã¢â‚¬â€and Walter gets even angrier at him. George and Beneatha finally leave, and Ruth and Walter then begin to fight about Walter going out, spending money, and interacting with people like Willy Harris. They do begin to make up, though, by acknowledging that a great distance has grown between them. Mama comes home and announces that she has put a down payment on a house with some of the insurance money. Ruth is elated to hear this news because she too dreams of moving out of their current apartment and into a more respectable home.Meanwhile, Walter is noticeably upset because he wants to put all the money into the liquor store venture. They all become worried when they hear that the hous e is in Clybourne Park, an entirely white neighborhood. Mama asks for their understanding—it was the only house that they could afford. She feels she needs to buy the house to hold the family together. Ruth regains her pleasure and rejoices, but Walter feels betrayed, his dream swept under the table. Walter makes Mama feel guilty, saying that she has crushed his dream. He goes quickly to his bedroom, and Mama remains sitting and worrying.Act II, Scenes II On a Friday night a few weeks later, Beneatha and George return from a date. The Youngers’ apartment is full of moving boxes. George wants to kiss Beneatha, but she does not want to kiss. Rather, she wants to engage George in a conversation about the plight of African-Americans. It seems that George wants to marry a â€Å"nice . . . simple . . . sophisticated girl. † Mama comes in as Beneatha kicks him out. Mama asks if she had a good time with George, and Beneatha tells her that George is a â€Å"fool. † Mama replies, â€Å"I guess you better not waste your time with no fools. Beneatha appreciates her mother’s support. Mrs. Johnson—the Youngers’ neighbor—visits. Mama and Ruth offer her food and drink, and she gladly accepts. She has come to visit to tell them about a black family who has been bombed out of their home in a white neighborhood. She is generally insensitive and unable to speak in a civil manner. She predicts that the Youngers will also be scared out of the all-white neighborhood once they move in and insults much of the family by calling them a â€Å"proud-acting bunch of colored folks. † She then quotes Booker T. Washington, a famous African-American thinker and assimilationist.A frustrated and angered Mama retaliates by calling him a â€Å"fool. † Mrs. Johnson leaves the apartment. Walter’s boss calls, telling Ruth that Walter has not been to work in three days. Walter explains that he has been wandering all day (oft en way into the country) and drinking all night (at a bar with a jazz duo that he loves). He says that he feels depressed, despondent, and useless as the man of the family. He feels that his job is no better than a slave’s job. Mama feels guilty for his unhappiness and tells him that she has never done anything to hurt her children.She gives him the remaining $6,500 of the insurance money, telling him to deposit $3,000 for Beneatha’s education and to keep the last $3,500. With this money, Mama says, Walter should become—and should act like he has become—the head of the family. Walter suddenly becomes more confident and energized. He talks to Travis about his plans, saying that he is going to â€Å"make a transaction† that will make them rich. Walter’s excitement builds as he describes his dream of their future house and cars, as well as Travis’s potential college education.

Why was Lincoln considered a better leader than A. Jackson essays

Why was Lincoln considered a better leader than A. Jackson essays Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United State and a man who was considered as the greatest President of all; Andrew Jackson, the 7th President of the United States and a national hero who was often called Old Hickory. Two famous leaders in their own rights, both were known for their great leadership. Then why was one of them considered a better leader than the other? What made President Lincoln out shine President Jackson? Would it be the differences in their characters? Would it be the differences in their decision-making skills? Or would it be the differences in their views on freedom? Leadership can be, at times, an indistinct and obscure concept that is difficult to understand. There are no sets of defined rules for a person to follow in order to become a good leader; and likewise, there are no sets of defined laws for a person to judge if a certain leader is a good one. There are only guidelines, general ideas and role models for us to try and understand the art of leading. I believe one of those is President Lincoln. The character of Abraham Lincoln played an important part in earning him the reputation of the greatest President of all. A good man of honesty, integrity, kindness, honor and confidence, Lincoln influenced others through his actions and words. He went through lots of misfortunes and tragedies through out his life, both as a man as well as a leader. He fully knew what it was like to fail, and was fully aware of the hardness failures could bring. As he became the President of the United States, he still recalled his darkened days, and so would reach out and help others that fall as much as he could. Lincoln accepted who he was and learned from his mistakes; he was not afraid for others to know about his past and to have their own opinions about him. And because of this, he gained trust and respect from his followers with a personal touch. It is known for a fact that leaders who tell their sub...

Identifying Arithmetic and Geometric Sequences

Identifying Arithmetic and Geometric Sequences The two main types of series/sequences are arithmetic and geometric. Some sequences are neither of these. It’s important to be able to identify what type of sequence is being dealt with. An arithmetic series is one where each term is equal the one before it plus some number. For example: 5, 10, 15, 20, †¦ Each term in this sequence equals the term before it with 5 added on.   In contrast, a geometric sequence is one where each term equals the one before it multiplied by a certain value. An example would be 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, †¦ Each term is equal to the prior one multiplied by 2. Some sequences are neither arithmetic nor geometric. An example would be 1, 2, 3, 2, 1, 2, 3, 2, 1, †¦The terms in this sequence all differ by 1, but sometimes 1 is being added and other times it is being subtracted, so the sequence is not arithmetic. Also, there is no common value being multiplied by one term to get the next, so the sequence cannot be geometric, either. Arithmetic sequences grow very slowly in comparison with geometric sequences. Try Identifying What Type of Sequences Are Shown Below 1. 2, 4, 8, 16, †¦ 2. 3, -3, 3, -3, ... 3. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, †¦ 4. -4, 1, 6, 11, 16, †¦ 5. 1, 3, 4, 7, 8, 11, †¦ 6. 9, 18, 36, 72, †¦ 7. 7, 5, 6, 4, 5, 3, †¦ 8. 10, 12, 16, 24, †¦ 9. 9, 6, 3, 0, -3, -6, †¦ 10. 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, †¦ Solutions 1. Geometric with common ratio of 2 2. Geometric with common ratio of -1 3. Arithmetic with common value of 1 4. Arithmetic with common value of 5 5. Neither geometric nor arithmetic 6. Geometric with common ratio of 2 7. Neither geometric nor arithmetic 8. Neither geometric nor arithmetic 9. Arithmetic with common value of -3 10. Either arithmetic with common value of 0 or geometric with common ratio of 1

Collaborative Public Administration Summary Term Paper

Collaborative Public Administration Summary - Term Paper Example Donahue (1989) construed it as a kind of grant and contract agreement between public, private and (or) nonprofit sectors where funds are allocated by the public sector to private, or nonprofit sectors for service delivery. In Wright’s (2000) perspective, it is an intergovernmental alliance formed to enhance better coordination between government arms or (and) government agencies. Historically, collaboration have always been a basic component of democratic government and inter-sector arrangement but more recent considerations arising from governments failure, scarcity of resources, globalization, performance driven management, citizens’ need for better public service delivery systems, to mention a few, have combined to spotlight its importance in public administration (Koliba, Meek and Zia, 2010). a) Public Administration Hierarchies Koliba, Meek and Zia (2010) characterized hierarchy in relation to the â€Å"command and Control† structure of bureaucracies, a grad ed organization with several interlocking levels of power and responsibilities. In a hierarchy, duties are divided according to the degree of authority and the responsibility attached to position occupied in the administrative setting, (Koliba, Meek and Zia, 2010; Gladden, 1953) the goal being to create an environment where individuals, working together in groups can accomplish set goals with great competency (Koontz and Weihrich, 1990). In public administration, this basic function is in reality executed by administrators who have to carry out the managerial functions of planning, organizing, leading and controlling. The administrators, by virtue of their positions at the top of the hierarchy, have powers, ferreted out as administrative authority, and presented as a form of supervisor-subordinate ties (Koliba, Meek, and Zia, 2010). In this context therefore, management is considered the development of bureaucracy that derive its relevance from the need for strategic planning, coord ination, directing and controlling of large and complex decision making process basically for the acquisition of administrative competence and effectiveness in public administration setting, the objective being to make organizational set goals and targets achievable. The basic responsibilities of a manager in a public administration hierarchy boil down to performing these basic functions including planning, organizing, leading and controlling for the effective management of organizational resources for the good of the overall goal of the organization. It is effective in this regard only with the use certain basic social norms, and maybe, internal regulations, including deference and submission to those in position of authority. These fundamental social norms and internal regulations are the very foundation of the â€Å"Command and Control† structure of a public administration hierarchy (Koliba, Meek and Zia, 2010). The accountability mechanism and performance measurement syst em put in place are effective as long as there are individuals assigned with the responsibility of determining measures and mechanisms, collecting and analyzing data, and pushing the burden or transaction cost to the appropriate office (Koliba, Meek and Zia, 2010), and also, as long as the individuals do their jobs. The public administra

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Network protocola - Coursework Example th each other.   Most vendors implementations have quite a few utilities built in.  The utilities might relate to configuration information and troubleshooting.   Some of the TCP/IP utilities implemented in my organization includes, arp, nslookup, finger, ping, ftp, rcp, hostname, rexec, ipconfig and route. More so, I am currently implementing TCP/IP services that includes; net start dhcp client, net start simple tcp/ip services, net start ftp server and net start snmp. TCP/IP services and utilities not currently implemented includes; lpq, rsh, lpr, tftp, nbtstat, tracert, and netstat forms of TCP/IP services and net start lpdsvc, net start tcp/ip netbios helper, net start microsoft dhcp server and net start windows internet name service forms of TCP/IP utilities.    The OSI model originally distinguishes between service, interval and protocols while The TCP/IP model does not clearly distinguish between service, Interval and protocols. More so, The OSI model is a reference model while the TCP/IP model is an implementation of the OSI model. In addition, in OSI model, the protocols came after the model was described while in TCP/TP model, the protocols came first, and the model (Zack, 2010). Migrating from IPv4 to IPv6 is not an immediate process and requires gradual implementation due to the endless number of users on the Internet that still utilize the IPv4 system. Additionally, more businesses and organizations are relying on the Internet for day to day processes and therefore a lengthy IP protocol replacement which involves downtime can seriously affect business continuity. For the above described reasons, the migration from IPv4 to IPv6 is not accomplished with a simple flick of a switch since there are problems that arise as the result of making the

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Analysis - Essay Example Under the stealth of night, the sniper found himself playing mind games with the enemy, and had to calculate his every move to make sure his opponent would not receive any clues that could cost him his life. Throughout the short story, the sniper takes extra precautions and devises deceiving schemes in order to outsmart his enemy. This is why his last actions in the story are inconsistent with his meticulous attention to strategy and precautions prior to the story’s conclusion − yet keeping in mind the context of the war helps the reader to understand his motivations. From the very beginning, the sniper portrays himself as a very cunning young soldier, taking every measure to ensure that he does not give the enemy a foothold that could cost him his life – with the exception of foolishly lighting a cigarette at night to quench his intense nicotine addiction. He skillfully lays low in stealth from the rooftop and picks off a woman informant on the street below, as well as the enemy soldier emerging from the turret of the vehicle that he was attentively keeping under surveillance. Soon afterward, enemy fire from the rooftop of a building across the street caught him in the arm, and through trickery, the Republican sniper fooled his shooter into believing that he was fatally wounded. Causing his opponent to let his guard down, the sniper was able to get a clean shot at him with his revolver, killing him with a round that plummeted his lifeless body to the street below. As the average reader would come to believe that this would be just another mundane casualty of war in the sniper’s mind, readers with a knowledge of the Irish civil war of the 1920s − as being an up-close-and-personal warfare that often divided families and friends to war against each other – come to understand soldiers’ uncanny curiosity to know exactly who their opposition is. Also, the author

The Shifting Marketing Communications Model Marketing Essay

The Shifting Marketing Communications Model Marketing Essay Integrated marketing communication is a conceptual tool which aim for a marketing campaign, by a carefully coordinated apply to various communication disciplines. The combination of theses disciplines provide a clear, consistent and compelling message for the organisation and its product. Integration has always been an important successful attempt for the early organisation to bring a consistent message of all executable promotional tools during mid 20th century. The change in marketing communication landscape may result IMC become more and more difficult to achieve, owing to the various change in consumers, marketing strategies and communication technology. In this digital and wireless age, consumers are better informed and communicated ; The marketers realized the dramatic shifting from mass marketing to segmented marketing. The new program are developed for a closer customer relationship; New innovative technology gives more media channels that companies interact with the target audience. Meanwhile, customers are better in control of messages that they choose to send or receive. Over the past decades, the development of information technology has facilitated how people communicate. And the internet has played an important role in social media communication. Based on research, theres an increasing number of internet users. About 569million online users of 9.1% of the world population (2012). The number has increased to 2.27 billion by 2012, which is 33% of the world population. The expenditures rates over performance is under expectation compare to the past. Marketers are mostly challenged by the new digital media. They have to design a better strategy to build a marketing communicators with stronger effectiveness and higher efficiency. More narrowcasting is necessary to achieve the interactive IMC, which allows them keep track on their current and future customers for use of long- term interactive relationships. The internet environment joint the connection between consumer and the media. For instance, specialty magazines, cable television channels, video ga mes, e-mail and social internet. A study stated theres an increasing time spent (63%) on mobile websites and mobile devices compare to 2011. In addition, 43 % of people get access to the social media by smartphones, 16% of people interact using tablet. Among all the promotional profile from traditional advertising, mass media, direct marketing, internet marketing, social media to mobile marketing. thereà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s an increasing marketing trend towards à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“more electronic and digitalà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . Traditional media possibilities for billabong: Television, explores the brand image through vision, sound and motion. It has a wide coverage over mass-marketing. Television commercial is relatively low cost per exposure but high in absolute cost. It also limits audience selectivity. Billabong is a worldwide brand and it keep expanding the business into other country. Television commercial will be an efficient and effective strategy of market penetration where a company has low client base but strong financial base. Newspapers and magazines are practically flexible; timeliness; good local market coverage; brand credibility; costless. While it is limited by its short life; poor reproduction quality. Its still concern as an effective media for Billabong, as the company keep innovating new products to the market. Posted on a printed media is a cheaper way to deliver their product information to the customer regularly. Outdoor medium such as billboard and poster are advanced in its flexibility; repeatable exposure will help billabong to deliver a strong brand image; wide range of positional selectivity. But it also limited the creativity. Emergent media possibilities for billabong. emergent media is refers to Email, podcasts , digital audio/ media player, mobile communication device (e.g., smart phone) ,instant messaging, interactive web pages , and blogs. By research, the brand Billabong has its majority target audience aged from 12 to 35 years old. And it is a fact that this aging groups are spending more of their leisure time on internet surfing over interacting with traditional media. Hence theres more opportunities that the new media transmit the company image to its potential consumer. At the same time, company has more channels to collect their customer information or feedback instead of only relying on Public Relations Agency. A large company with several brands like Billabong could position itself after analyzing the data. And generate a more suitable promotional strategy to beat the competitors. Billabongs Facebook page was set up with assistance of maintaining a closer relationship with their royalty customer. Billabong get their free advertising spread through the social media at each time their post get linked. Youtube is a possible platform for Billabong to post their video or insert it as an ad to other video. The strate gy is costless and have a efficient spread. Statistics is calculated by Youtube for each individual video for further analysis. Billabongs website is also a profitable platform for advertising, it helps to engage with their email subscribers, so as to build a profitable relationship. Which has proven by a sales of $1.67 billion profit from its website in 2008-2009. Marketers need to ensure the advertising is highly relevant and targeted to their consumer. As people has different attitudes toward social ads. Recent surveyed found 33% people get annoyed when seeing ad on social media if there is no relevant to them, may concern as a waste of time. While 26% of people will have a positive attitude to see the ads posted by friends. Generally, a positive attitude(26%) will follow by an action of share at 15% and product purchasing at 14%. In consequence, advertising is generally aiming for inform, persuade and remind. Both traditional media and emergent media have possibilities for Billabongs advertising. The proper mix using of media would have a higher opportunities in success compare to single focused media. Markers still need to re-examine the media mix regularly as it appears to be shifting. For instance, mass-media costs are rising, audiences are shrinking due to the new electronic media appear. The best solution for them is to supplement the broadcasting traditional media with narrowcasting emergent media. In this case, Billabong will not only introduce their company world-wide, but also engage consumers more fully. Image corporation is important to a companys branding and identity. To achieve the brand uniqueness, company need to be carefully treat on its visual image, product consistency in market place and its identity in social media. Importance of visual image After the completely acquisition of Swedish brand Volvo by Chinese unknown brand Geely (2010). Volvo still keep the production line in Sweden and its original brand logo to maintain the image of Swedish made. They concern the brand image as core value of its company. Maintaining the image also hold the companys labor relations in this scenario. Coca- cola works hard to keep its corporate identity consistent. Its not only about keeping red logo and bottle form but also controlling its product quality at a consistent level. This works in many mind that the drink is from coca-cola not an individual brand product even it is labeling in a foreign language. In April 2009, Telstra launched a 3Rs social-media policy, in regard to Responsibility, Respect and Representation. Telstras employees are encouraged to use the social media as a part of work. They are also required to represent themselves as Telstra employees when introducing new service or products on their personal blog site. The strategy helps the company to achieve direct interaction with its current or future clients. Telstra is building up a brand image that they are well communicated to support the brand profile of leading global communication company.

Elements of Symbolism in The Scarlet Letter :: Scarlet Letter essays

Elements of Symbolism in The Scarlet Letter    200 Words of Teacher’s Praise and Comments  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Nathaniel Hawthorne uses several literary devices to give his novel The Scarlet Letter depth. One of these devices is symbolism. Hawthorne utilizes symbolism to convey certain points or themes to the reader by using ordinary objects. Three of the elements he uses as symbols are the settings of the Puritan town and the forest and weather.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     The first of the two main settings is the Puritan town that includes the prison and the scaffold. The Puritan law is based on their religion. The town maintains a sense of strict moral values and disciplinary measures in accordance with the Puritan religion. Therefore, the town stands for lawfulness and purity. It serves as a contrast to Hester Prynne’s scarlet letter. The prison that the city was built around serves as a symbol as well. It represents guilt and the human tendency to sin, and it also symbolizes penance. Hester is forced to spend time in jail for committing the sin of adultery, and it is the starting point of Hester’s trek of shame to the scaffold in the market place. The scaffold itself is another symbol Hawthorne uses. Like the prison, it also symbolizes sin and guilt. â€Å"The very ideal of ignominy was embodied and made manifest in this contrivance of wood and iron† (60). It provides the setting of several important scenes in the novel. It is where Hester is forced to stand for three hours as punishment, where Dimmesdale, Pearl, and Hester stand in the night, and where Dimmesdale reveals himself and dies. It is also a symbol of truth because Dimmesdale’s great revelation occurred there.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The second setting is the forest just outside of the town. It proves to be a kind of dramatic foil to the idealistic Puritan society. The Puritans maintain a community that thrives on purity and lack of sin. The forest, on the other hand, is a symbol of lawlessness and desecration. It is shrouded in mystery and retains a dark and foreboding air. The Puritans abhor the forest because it stands as a perfect example of evil. However, the witches that live in the town view it very differently. They appreciate the anonymity the forest provides them. Thus they are free to pay homage to the Black Man in secret. Their presence reiterates the fact that the forest is a symbol of darkness. Elements of Symbolism in The Scarlet Letter :: Scarlet Letter essays Elements of Symbolism in The Scarlet Letter    200 Words of Teacher’s Praise and Comments  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Nathaniel Hawthorne uses several literary devices to give his novel The Scarlet Letter depth. One of these devices is symbolism. Hawthorne utilizes symbolism to convey certain points or themes to the reader by using ordinary objects. Three of the elements he uses as symbols are the settings of the Puritan town and the forest and weather.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     The first of the two main settings is the Puritan town that includes the prison and the scaffold. The Puritan law is based on their religion. The town maintains a sense of strict moral values and disciplinary measures in accordance with the Puritan religion. Therefore, the town stands for lawfulness and purity. It serves as a contrast to Hester Prynne’s scarlet letter. The prison that the city was built around serves as a symbol as well. It represents guilt and the human tendency to sin, and it also symbolizes penance. Hester is forced to spend time in jail for committing the sin of adultery, and it is the starting point of Hester’s trek of shame to the scaffold in the market place. The scaffold itself is another symbol Hawthorne uses. Like the prison, it also symbolizes sin and guilt. â€Å"The very ideal of ignominy was embodied and made manifest in this contrivance of wood and iron† (60). It provides the setting of several important scenes in the novel. It is where Hester is forced to stand for three hours as punishment, where Dimmesdale, Pearl, and Hester stand in the night, and where Dimmesdale reveals himself and dies. It is also a symbol of truth because Dimmesdale’s great revelation occurred there.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The second setting is the forest just outside of the town. It proves to be a kind of dramatic foil to the idealistic Puritan society. The Puritans maintain a community that thrives on purity and lack of sin. The forest, on the other hand, is a symbol of lawlessness and desecration. It is shrouded in mystery and retains a dark and foreboding air. The Puritans abhor the forest because it stands as a perfect example of evil. However, the witches that live in the town view it very differently. They appreciate the anonymity the forest provides them. Thus they are free to pay homage to the Black Man in secret. Their presence reiterates the fact that the forest is a symbol of darkness.

Ethical Law Enforcement Officers

The paper deals with the significance of ethics and integrity in law enforcement officers. It explains the base for the structure of professional ethical responsibilities briefly describes the basic requirements of applied ethics and explains the course of ethical reason.Ethical law enforcement Officers: An IntroductionIn the past few decades, law enforcement ethical behavior has been caused to experience much analysis across the country. With the distrust of law enforcement police and community relationship suffer; and the status of good, assiduous and ethical law enforcement officers and their organizations are stigmatized. Even the most enthusiastic advocates of law enforcement question about the credibility of the police and the police department.Despite the fact that prominent cases attract the nation's focus, law enforcement departments across the country employ an increasing amount of time examining, penalizing and prosecuting officers for unprincipled or unlawful conduct that never become famous in the headlines in the media.Regrettably, the events that have made these headlines have damaged the standing and question the performance of the whole law enforcement community. These extremely hyped events do not, on the other hand, deal with the more delicate ethical quandaries that law enforcement agencies and officers have to confront daily. Law enforcement agencies in America deal with the concerns of ethics that have to be studied and modified.Ethical FactorsIn the last couple of years, ethical concerns in law enforcement have been influenced by three critical factors namely the increased level of temptations developing from the illegal drug trade, the problems posed by decentralization, and the potentially conciliatory nature of the police organizational traditions. These factors make management for ethics nowadays far more diverse and difficult than it was long ago.Greater TemptationsPolice officers confront bigger temptations than they had a couple of decade ago. A number of these temptations can be as a result of the volatile and rewarding unlawful drug trade. A great quantity of illegal cash generates this market. Prospective earnings for drug dealers persist to rise as unlawful endorsements develop rigid.Thus, the law enforcement officers may be tempted by great bribes from delinquents and tempted by prospects to embezzle great amount of illegal money. The prospective for dishonesty in drug field may be intensified by the personality of officers who do extremely well in this field. Drug studies are placed amongst the most rapid and practical of any in which officers take part. Covert work makes up an essential part of these cases. Â  

Legal memo

We filed a complaint last month in trial court alleging that there was negligence on the part of the store. We were seeking an award for damages. In the answer to the complaint the store alleges that Samaritan Smith had a duty to avoid the spill, and was unable to fulfill that duty because she was distracted by her misbehaving child. The store claims that her being distracted makes her equally at fault for the Injuries sustained in her trip and fall accident.Statement of Facts: While shopping at the local grocery store with her young son, Samaritan Smith lipped on clear, gel shampoo that had spilled Into the Isle. The fall resulted In a broken hip, requiring an overnight stay at the hospital as well as several months of physical therapy. The grocery store Indicated that although they complete hourly Isle clearance checks they were unaware of the spill. Issues: 1. Was the store negligent for not providing an environment free from hazards? 2.Is Samaritan Smith partially responsible for her injuries based on her not keeping proper lookout and not avoiding the spill? 3. Based on the Comparative Fault Act, can Samaritan Smith recover for her injuries? BRIEF ANSWERS: 1. In Indiana the owner oaf business or store is required to take reasonable measures to keep their property in a reasonably safe condition for persons who will be using the property. 2. Samaritan Smith does have a responsibility to maintain her own personal safety. 3. Based on the Comparative Fault Act, can Samaritan Smith recover for her injuries? Applicable Statue: 1.â€Å"A Claimant is barred from recovery if the Claimant's introductory fault is greater than the fault of all persons whose fault proximately contribute to the claimant's damages†. The amount awarded is reduced and possibly eliminated based on the level of claimant's fault found. Legal memo By cathedral The store claims that her being distracted makes her equally at fault for the injuries slipped on clear, gel shampoo that had spi lled into the isle. The fall resulted in a physical therapy. The grocery store indicated that although they complete hourly isle Legal Memo I chose to say contributory negligence because we cannot deny that cases of beer were not properly secured In our vehicle, proving that It was some percentage of our own default. ‘The plaintiff shall be barred from recovering damages if the Trier of fact finds that the contributory fault on the part of the plaintiff is more than 50% of the proximate cause of the Injury or damage for which recovery is sought. Illinois State Statute 735 ILLS 5/2-1116(c) (2011). Thus we must provide proof that the plaintiff, Mr..King contributed at least 51% of the negligence. A similar case would be Attainment v Modern Industries, INC. 960 F. Ad 692; 1992 U. S. App. LEXIS 6205. This case Involved a collision between a truck (Defendant, Modern Industries) and a person (Attainment). Attainment died due to his Injuries resulting from the accident. The decedent's mother brought a wrongful death slut against Modern Industries. Attainment was found to be 51% at fault thus the claim against Modern Indus tries was denied.Attainment's actions before he collided with Modern Industries are what led to the accident In the first place. An example of one of Attainment's contribution to the accident Is: â€Å"No person shall open the door of a vehicle on the side available to moving traffic unless and until It Is reasonably safe to do so, and can be done without Interfering with the movement of other traffic, nor shall any person leave a door open on the side of a vehicle available to moving traffic or a period of time longer than necessary to load or unload passengers. Ill. Rev. Stats. 1989, chi. 95 1/2, par. 11-1407. Legal Memo PAP 10 By Jeroboams that cases of beer were not properly secured in our vehicle, proving that it was some percentage of our own default. â€Å"The plaintiff shall be barred from recovering is more than 50% of the proximate cause of the injury or damage for which recovery U. S. App. LEXIS 6205. This case involved a collision between a truck (Defendant, Modern Ind ustries) and a person (Attainment).Attainment died due to his injuries resulting from the accident. The decedent's mother brought a wrongful death suit Modern Industries are what led to the accident in the first place. An example of one of Attainment's contribution to the accident is: â€Å"No person shall open the door of a vehicle on the side available to moving traffic unless and until it is reasonably safe to do so, and can be done without interfering with the movement of other traffic, nor

Sex and the city. Media Analysis

Sex and the city. Media Analysis Sex and the city is one of the most popular cable television and film series in America. The main characters in the show are four independent women on a self exploration mission. Three of these women are in their thirties and one in her mid- forties. These four White American women are the main focus of the show.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Sex and the city. Media Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The series has multiple story lines running concurrently and it tackles socially relevant themes like feminism, promiscuity, divorce and sexually transmitted infections (Sohn 32). The show highlights how the lives of professional city women are affected by the increasingly changing society. All the episodes in the show are narrated by Sarah Jessica Parker. Sarah is a stylish party girl popularly known for having a unique sense of fashion and is referred to as Carrie Bradshaw in the show. She is an outgoing girl who likes having fun and anticipating love in the process. Carrie is an independent woman in her mid-thirties and sees marriage as an obstacle to her self exploration mission (Sohn 15). The other character is Kim Cantrall starring as Samantha Jones. She is the oldest among the four and is portrayed as the most confident about her sexual life. She is very loyal to her friends and seems strong and outspoken. Kristin Davis starring as Charlotte Yorke is the most optimistic member of the group who advocates for emotional love rather than lust (Jermyn 48). She is an extremely successful woman despite her traditional outlook which at times surprises her friends. She represents the traditional attitude about relationships and love. Despite having a series of relationship, her actions are somehow controlled compared to the other three. The fourth character is Cynthia Nixon starring as Miranda Hobbes. She is a professional attorney who is always negative about love and relationships. There a re quite a number of family –based themes highlighted in the sex and the city show. The theme of sexual immorality commonly referred to as promiscuity is prevalent in the show. This is mostly revealed through Samantha. She has numerous sexual flings in the show. She has an open sexual lifestyle to an extent where she doesn’t mind having sexual relationship with younger men (Jermyn 28). Carrie has a string of boyfriends and she is also unable to settle in any marriage. The show depicts the theme of feminism where the four women represent a modern independent woman who is not ready to be enslaved by any man.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Infidelity is the order of the day in the show. Having multiple sexual partners is portrayed as normal and fun by these four women. This is exactly the picture in modern relationships. The four women portray marriage as a failed affair except Charlotte who believes that a marriage can actually work. Miranda divorces her husband Steve after he admits having cheated on her (Jermyn 87). The chances of divorce are also high in the other marriages and the main cause being infidelity. Economic empowerment on the side of women is highly emphasized in this show. All the four women are professionals who are economically empowered and do not rely on men to support them. Carrie is an established writer and columnist, Samantha a successful business woman, Charlotte a history and finance graduate and finally Miranda who is a professional lawyer. They actually represent a modern day woman on the first driving lane to success (Sohn 13). Apart from being popular, the show has also faced its fare share of criticism. The characters in the show use the tag of feminism to push for their immoral interests. The show promotes sexual immorality in the way sex is advertised by the characters. The show portrays marriage as a failed thing with divorce being depicted as the only way to end marital problems and strain (Jermyn 92). The show glamorizes sex and does not put into consideration its negative effects like unplanned pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections. The show portrays infidelity as a normal and fun thing which is not acceptable in the society. The mode of dressing of these characters is questionable with characters like Carrie going to the extreme end. Their mode of dressing portrays women as potential sex objects for men. In conclusion, sex and the city has continued to have a negative influence to the society and increased viewership of the show will continue to erode our good societal morals. The show has influenced teenagers in a very negative way. A recent survey revealed how the show has encouraged sex amongst teenagers leading to early and unplanned pregnancies for girls who watch the show. On the other side, their male counterparts are more likely to engage in teenage sex th an those who are not viewers of the show (Sohn 88). It is believed that some scenes in the show make the viewers to be sexually charged by arousing their sexual emotions (Jermyn 109).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Sex and the city. Media Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Jermyn, Deborah. Sex and the City. New York: Wayne State University Press, 2009. Print. Sohn, Amy et al. Sex and the City. New York: HarperCollins, 2008. Print.